


     hspf(1)          U.S. Geological Survey (wrdapp)          hspf(1)


     NAME
            hspf - Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran

     ABSTRACT
            HSPF simulates for extended periods of time the hydrologic, and
            associated water quality, processes on pervious and impervious land
            surfaces and in streams and well-mixed impoundments.

            HSPF uses continuous rainfall and other meteorologic records to
            compute streamflow hydrographs and pollutographs.  HSPF simulates
            interception soil moisture, surface runoff, interflow, base flow,
            snowpack depth and water content, snowmelt, evapotranspiration,
            ground-water recharge, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand
            (BOD), temperature, pesticides, conservatives, fecal coliforms,
            sediment detachment and transport, sediment routing by particle
            size, channel routing, reservoir routing, constituent routing, pH,
            ammonia, nitrite-nitrate, organic nitrogen, orthophosphate, organic
            phosphorus, phytoplankton, and zooplankton.  Program can simulate
            one or many pervious or impervious unit areas discharging to one or
            many river reaches or reservoirs.  Frequency-duration analysis can
            be done for any time series.  Any time step from 1 minute to 1 day
            that divides equally into 1 day can be used.  Any period from a few
            minutes to hundreds of years may be simulated.  HSPF is generally
            used to assess the effects of land-use change, reservoir operations,
            point or nonpoint source treatment alternatives, flow diversions,
            etc.  Separate programs are available for data preprocessing and for
            postprocessing for statistical and graphic output of any constituent
            at any time step for any length of time.

     METHOD
            The model contains hundreds of process algorithms developed from
            theory, laboratory experiments, and empirical relations from
            instrumented watersheds.

     HISTORY
            The model was developed in the early 1960's as the Stanford
            Watershed Model.  In the 1970's, water-quality processes were added.
            Development of a Fortran version incorporating several related
            models using software engineering design and development concepts
            was funded by the Athens, Ga., Research Lab of EPA in the late
            1970's.  In the 1980's, preprocessing and postprocessing software,
            algorithm enhancements, and use of the USGS Watershed Data
            Management (WDM) system were developed jointly by the USGS and EPA.
            The current release is Version 11.  An interactive version (see
            HSPEXP) was developed in the 1990's.

     DATA REQUIREMENTS
            Meteorologic records of precipitation and estimates of potential
            evapotranspiration are required for watershed simulation.  Air
            temperature, dewpoint temperature, wind, and solar radiation are
            required for snowmelt.  Air temperature, wind, solar radiation,
            humidity, cloud cover, tillage practices, point sources, and (or)
            pesticide applications may be required for water-quality simulation.
            Physical measurements and related parameters are required to



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     hspf(1)          U.S. Geological Survey (wrdapp)          hspf(1)


            describe the land area, channels, and reservoirs.

     OUTPUT OPTIONS
            Output is either printed tables at any time step, a flat file, or
            the WDM file.  The postprocessing software uses data from the WDM
            file.  Hundreds of computed time series may be selected for the
            output files.

     SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
            UNIX-based computers (supported:  Data General AViiON and Sun
            SPARCstation).

            DOS-based computers having a math coprocessor and 4 mb of memory
            (supported: IBM-compatible computers with a 386 or greater
            processor).

            HSPF is written in Fortran.  Generally, it is easily installed on
            other platforms.

     APPLICATIONS
            There have been hundreds of applications of HSPF all over the world.
            The largest application is the 62,000 square mile tributary area to
            the Chesapeake Bay.  The smallest application has been experimental
            plots of a few acres near Watkinsville, Ga.  The most significant
            applications within the USGS have been in the Seattle area, Chicago
            area, Patuxent River, Md., Truckee-Carson Basins, Nev., and
            watersheds in Pennsylvania.

     DOCUMENTATION
            Bicknell, B.R., Imhoff, J.C., Kittle, J.L., Jr., Donigian, A.S.,
               Jr., and Johanson, R.C., 1993, Hydrological Simulation
               Program--Fortran:  User's manual for release 10:  Environmental
               Research Laboratory, EPA/600/R-93/174, Athens, Ga., 660 p.

     RELATED DOCUMENTATION
            Flynn, K.M., Hummel, P.R., Lumb, A.M., and Kittle, J.L., Jr., 1995,
               User's manual for ANNIE, version 2, a computer program for
               interactive hydrologic data management:  U.S. Geological Survey
               Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4085, 211 p.

     REFERENCES
            Dinicola, R.S., 1990, Characterization and simulation of rainfall-
               runoff relations for headwater basins in western King and
               Snohomish Counties, Washington:  U.S. Geological Survey Water-
               Resources Investigations Report 89-4052, 52 p.

            Donigian, A.S., Jr., Imhoff, J.C., Bicknell, Brian, Kittle, J.L.,
               Jr., 1984, Application guide for Hydrological Simulation
               Program--Fortran (HSPF): U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
               Environmental Research Laboratory, Athens, Ga., EPA-600/3-84-065,
               177 p.


            Johanson, R.C., Imhoff, J.D., and Davis, H.H., Jr., 1980, Users



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     hspf(1)          U.S. Geological Survey (wrdapp)          hspf(1)


               manual for hydrological simulation program - Fortran (HSPF):
               Environmental Research Laboratory, EPA-600/9-80-015, Athens, Ga.,
               April 1980.

     TRAINING
            Watershed Systems Modeling I (G0083), offered annually at the USGS
            National Training Center.

            Watershed Systems Modeling II (G0183), offered upon request at the
            USGS National Training Center.

            River Basin Water-Quality Modeling (G1464), offered annually at the
            USGS National Training Center.

            Occasionally, EPA, Aqua Terra Consultants, and Hydrocomp, Inc.,
            offer training courses.

     CONTACTS
            Operation and Distribution:
               U.S. Geological Survey
               Hydrologic Analysis Software Support Team
               Kate Flynn
               437 National Center
               Reston, VA 22092

               h2osoft@usgs.gov

            Latest version by anonymous ftp from:
                  h2o.usgs.gov
                  /pub/software/surface_water/hspf

     SEE ALSO
            annie - Program to list, table, plot data in a WDM file
            dr3m - Distributed routing rainfall-runoff model
                   --version II
            dr3m-qual - Multi-event urban runoff quality model
            hspexp - Expert system for calibration of HSPF
            iowdm - Program to store time-series data in a WDM file
            prms - Precipitation-runoff modeling system


















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